Study on Variation Law and Influencing Mechanism of Water and Sediment in Henan Reaches of the Yellow River
2024
XUAN Xiaobo | DOU Ming | LIU Bojun
The Henan reaches of the Yellow River is a typical wandering reach, which has a severe impact on the river habitat due to the severe variation of water and sediment, frequent swing of the main channel, and serious deformation of the riverbed.Based on the water and sediment data of Xiaolangdi, Huayuankou, and Gaocun hydrological stations from 1960 to 2019, this paper explores the variation cycle characteristics of water and sediment in the Henan reaches of the Yellow River by using statistical methods such as Mann-Kendall test, sliding T test, and wavelet analysis.The contribution rate of rainfall and human activities to the decrease in runoff and sediment transport in the Henan reaches of the Yellow River is quantitatively evaluated by the double mass curve method.The results show that the decreasing trend of annual sediment transport is greater than that of annual runoff in the Henan reaches.From Xiaolangdi to Huayuankou, erosion and deposition are basically balanced, and from Huayuankou to Gaocun, deposition is dominant.The flood season in the Henan reaches is dominated by sediment deposition, and the non-flood season is dominated by scour.The sediment transport in Xiaolangdi station changed greatly in 1997, while the runoff and sediment transport in Huayuankou and Gaocun stations changed significantly in 1985.The water and sediment regulation greatly increases runoff instead of sediment transport.Human activities play a leading role in the decrease in runoff and sediment transport in the Henan reaches of the Yellow River, with an average contribution rate of 80.94% to runoff and 94.95% to sediment transport in the Henan reaches of the Yellow River.
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