Effects of different plant and row spacing configurations on growth and yield of eggplants in large plastic tunnels(不同株行距配置对塑料大棚茄子生长及产量的影响)

To investigate the standardized planting pattern for eggplant in large plastic tunnels, we employed ‘Guan Hong 102’ eggplant as the experimental material to evaluate the effects of different plant and row spacing configurations on growth and yield. The experiment included five treatments with a fixed planting density (1 905 plants per 667 m²) and a consistent small row spacing of 60 cm. The treatments were as follows: CK, conventional raised-bed planting (ridge center distance of 140 cm, large row spacing of 80 cm, plant spacing of 50 cm, ridge bottom width of 30 cm, and ridge height of 15 cm); T1-T4, all high ridge cultivation (ridge bottom width of 90 cm, ridge top width of 70 cm, and ridge height of 25 cm), with T1-T4 having ridge center distances of 140, 160, 180, and 200 cm, corresponding to large row spacings of 80, 100, 120, and 140 cm, and plant spacings of 50, 44, 39, and 35 cm, respectively. The results showed that T3 had greater effects on plant height, stem diameter, functional leaf area, chlorophyll (a＋b) content, and net photosynthetic rate. Compared with CK, after 95 days of planting, these indicators increased by 2.2%, 2.6%, 5.1%, 8.6%, and 0.6%, respectively. The T3 treatment increased yield by 14.9% compared with CK. Therefore, under the conditions of this study, the configuration with a ridge center distance of 180 cm, small row spacing of 60 cm, large row spacing of 120 cm, and plant spacing of 39 cm is recommended as a suitable model for standardized and mechanized production of eggplants in large plastic tunnels.(为探索塑料大棚茄子标准化种植模式，以‘冠红102’茄子为试验材料，研究不同株行距配置对其生长及产量的影响。试验在固定栽培密度（1 905株/667 m²）与小行距（60 cm）条件下设置5个处理：CK为常规小高垄栽培（畦中心距140 cm、大行距80 cm、株距50 cm、垄底宽30 cm、垄高15 cm）；T1～T4均为高畦栽培（畦底宽90 cm、畦顶宽70 cm、畦高25 cm），其中T1～T4的畦中心距依次为140、160、180、200 cm，对应大行距为80、100、120、140 cm，株距分别为50、44、39、35 cm。结果表明：T3处理在株高、茎粗、功能叶面积、叶绿素（a＋b）含量和净光合速率方面表现最佳，定植后95 d较CK分别提高了2.2%、2.6%、5.1%、8.6%和0.6%；同时，T3处理的产量较CK显著增加14.9%。因此，在本试验条件下，推荐采用畦中心距180 cm、小行距60 cm、大行距120 cm、株距39 cm作为塑料大棚茄子标准化与宜机化生产的株行距配置。)