Genetic resources, distribution area, cultivation history and results of breeding almonds in Azerbaijan
2025
Mirza Musayev
The article discusses the features of genetic resources, areas of distribution of species and historical regions of almond cultivation in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan, also the results of the study of local and introduced varieties of almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb), common in the Shakhbuz and Julfa districts. These varieties - ripening at different times, with high biomorphological and economic indicators, resistant to biotic and abiotic stress factors of the environment have great prospects for growing almonds in Azerbaijan. The agrobiological characteristics of these almond varieties were studied and pomological indicators were given - flowering period, average weight, height, diameter, peel color, kernel color, weight and taste of the fruit of each variety were studied separately and assessed on a 5-point scale. The studied varieties received the following ratings - Dash Badam -4.9, Sarayi - 4.7, Ketan Koynek - 4.6, Gosha Lepe - 4.8, Kurdashi - 4.6, Sugra - 4.4, Kaghız Badam - 4.8, Nonpareil - 4.7 and Nec Plus Ultra - 4.8 points. The study of almond genetic resources in the region not only contributes to the preservation of biodiversity but also supports the development of agronomy and agriculture in the country.
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