Insect herbivory response to Populus nigra genetic diversity
2010
Augustin , Sylvie (INRA , Ardon (France). UR 0633 Unité de Recherche Zoologie Forestière) | Denux , Olivier (INRA , Ardon (France). UR 0633 Unité de Recherche Zoologie Forestière) | Castagneyrol , Bastien (INRA , Cestas (France). UMR 1202 Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés) | Jactel , Herve (INRA , Cestas (France). UMR 1202 Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés) | Karlinski , Leszek (Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik(Pologne). Institute of Dendrology) | Kieliszewska-Rokicka , Barbara (Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz(Pologne). Institute of Environmental Biology) | Lakatos , Ferenc (University of West Hungary, Sopron(Hongrie). Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection) | Smulders , Marinus (Wageningen University and Research CenterWageningen University and Research Center(Pays-Bas). Plant Research InternationalLaboratory of Plant Breeding) | Tuba , Katalin (University of West Hungary, Sopron(Hongrie). Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection) | Villani , Fiorella (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Porano(Italie). Istituto di Biologia Agro-ambientale e Forestale (IBAF)) | Villar , Marc (INRA , Ardon (France). UR 0588 Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières)
Recent research suggests that genetic diversity in tree population may shape associated species assemblages and then drive ecosystem processes. Trees can support large numbers of insect species and some functional traits of trees have been shown to have major influence on insect communities and resultant damage. Studying the response of insect herbivorepopulations to the genetic diversity of tree populations is therefore a relevant approach to test community genetics hypotheses.The objective of our study was to evaluate how insect herbivory is affected by genotypes of Populus nigra, a dominant native poplar species in riparian forests of Europe. In a field experiment, we planted eight native P. nigra clones in plots of increasing genetic diversity with combinations of one to six clones. Insect herbivory was measured using visualestimation of leaf damage by six functional guilds of insects: chewers, skeletonisers, leaf miners, gall makers, leaf rollers, sap suckers and sap feeders.Response of insect herbivory to increasing genotypic diversity was analysed by considering the net diversity effect which was further divided in a complementary and a selection effects. Overall we observed slightly higher insect herbivory in poplar clone mixtures than in clonemonocultures. This pattern was due to two opposite mechanisms. There was a positivecomplementary effect, with higher associational susceptibility in more genetically diverse mixtures. On the other hand, the selection effect also increased with the genetic diversity as the more diverse clone mixtures were more likely to comprise insect resistant clones.
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