The multi-year effect of different agroecological practices on soil nematodes and soil respiration
2023
Sun, Feng | Coulibaly, Sékou | Cheviron, Nathalie | Mougin, Christian | Hedde, Mickael | Maron, Pierre-Alain | Recous, Sylvie | Trap, Jean | Villenave, Cécile | Chauvat, Matthieu | South China Normal University | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement (MSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB) | Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE) ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Elisol Environnement | Etude et Compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV) ; Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN) ; Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU) | ANR-11-AGRO-0004,SOFIA,Agrosystèmes et biodiversité fonctionnelle des Sols(2011) | ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Background and aims : Agroecology practices can induce profound positive changes in soil physical and chemical properties, and inevitably influence soil biological properties and soil functioning. However, we still lack understanding of how soil biodiversity responds to agroecology practices and to what extent such practices, alone or combined, can be beneficial for soil functioning and ecosystem services. Understanding soil biological activities under different agroecology practices is important for predicting carbon cycling in agroecosystems.Methods : By taking advantage of a long-term agricultural experimental research station in northern France, we monitored soil microbes, nematodes and soil respiration over three to five years in response to agroecology practices that varied in the rate of nitrogen (N) fertilization (low vs high), the tillage type (deep vs reduced), and the crop residue management (retain vs removal).Results : Shifting from conventional to agroecology practices had a strong effect on microbial biomass, nematode community and soil respiration. Specifically, reduced N and reduced tillage significantly increased microbial biomass carbon, bacterivore and fungivore density. Perennial biomass crop significantly decreased total nematode density and herbivore density, but increased microbial biomass carbon. Perennial biomass crop also significantly increased the structure and maturity index, but decreased the plant parasite index. Structural equation modelling showed that microbial biomass carbon had a positive correlation with soil respiration in reduced nitrogen, reduced tillage, and residue removal treatments. Bacterivores had a positive correlation with omnivores/predators and soil respiration, while herbivores had a negative correlation with soil respiration in all the treatments.ConclusionsThe different agroecological practices tested in this 5-year trial revealed the resilience of nematode communities and associated functions like CO2 respiration according to practices.
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