Limited impact of vector control on the population genetic structure of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from the sleeping sickness focus of Maro, Chad | Impact limité de la lutte antivectorielle sur la structure des populations de Glossina fuscipes fuscipes dans le foyer de la maladie du sommeil de Maro, Tchad
2024
Ravel, Sophie | Ségard, Adeline | Mollo, Brahim Guihini | Mahamat, Mahamat Hissène | Argiles-Herrero, Rafael | Bouyer, Jérémy | Rayaisse, Jean-Baptiste | Solano, Philippe | Pèka, Mallaye | Darnas, Justin | Belem, Adrien Marie Gaston | Yoni, Wilfrid | Noûs, Camille | de Meeûs, Thierry | Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatides (UMR INTERTRYP) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bordeaux (UB) | Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Developpement [N'Djamena, Tchad] (IRED) | International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Centre international de recherche-développement sur l'élevage en zone sub-humide (CIRDES) | Programme National de Lutte contre la THA (PNLTHA) | Université Nazi Boni (Bobo-Dioulasso) (UNB) | Laboratoire Cogitamus = Cogitamus Laboratory
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Tsetse flies (genus Glossina) transmit deadly trypanosomes to human populations and domestic animals in sub-Saharan Africa. Some foci of Human African Trypanosomiasis due to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (g-HAT) persist in southern Chad, where a program of tsetse control was implemented against the local vector Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in 2018 in Maro. We analyzed the population genetics of G. f. fuscipes from the Maro focus before control (T0), one year (T1), and 18 months (T2) after the beginning of control efforts. Most flies captured displayed a local genetic profile (local survivors), but a few flies displayed outlier genotypes. Moreover, disturbance of isolation by distance signature (increase of genetic distance with geographic distance) and effective population size estimates, absence of any genetic signature of a bottleneck, and an increase of genetic diversity between T0 and T2 strongly suggest gene flows from various origins, and a limited impact of the vector control efforts on this tsetse population. Continuous control and surveillance of g-HAT transmission is thus recommended in Maro. Particular attention will need to be paid to the border with the Central African Republic, a country where the entomological and epidemiological status of g-HAT is unknown.
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