Natural emulsifiers lecithins preserve gut microbiota diversity in relation with specific faecal lipids in high fat-fed mice
2023
Robert, Chloé | Penhoat, Armelle | Couëdelo, Leslie | Monnoye, Magali | Rainteau, Dominique | Meugnier, Emmanuelle | Bary, Sofia | Abrous, Hélène | Loizon, Emmanuelle | Krasniqi, Pranvera | Chanon, Stéphanie | Vieille-Marchiset, Aurélie | Caillet, François | Danthine, Sabine | Vidal, Hubert | Guillot, Nicolas | Gérard, Philippe | Vaysse, Carole | Michalski, Marie-Caroline | Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Equipe Nutrition, Santé et Biochimie des Lipides (ITERG) | MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) ; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU) | Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Faculté universitaire des sciences agronomiques de Gembloux] ([FUSAGx]) ; Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège) | Laboratoire Science des Aliments et Formulation ; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Faculté universitaire des sciences agronomiques de Gembloux] ([FUSAGx]) ; Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège)-Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège) | Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]) | The authors would like to thank Beatrice Morio, Frederic Capel and Melanie Le Barz for helpful advice on experimental procedures and useful discussion of the results. The authors thank Alexandre Debain for this help during the animal study. We also thank Didier Majou (ACTIA) for useful discussion. CR thanks ANRT (Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie) for PhD funding (CIFRE 2017/12/2). CarMeN and ITERG are members of UMT ACTIA BALI. CR is grateful to GERLI and Societe Francophone de Nutrition for the GERLI-SFN Thesis Prize 2022. We are grateful to the @BRIDGe sequencing facility (GABI, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Paris-Saclay University) and to the INRAE MIGALE bioinformatics facility (MIGALE, INRAE, 2020. Migale bioin-formatics Facility, doi: 10.15454/1.5572390655343293E12) for providing help and storage resources. SD acknowledges the support of Wallonie-Bruxelles International and Fonds de la Recherche scientifique (FNRS). MCM acknowledges Partenariat Hubert Curien PHC TOURNE-SOL project No46226VD for funding. Part of the artwork is derived from Freepik, Pixabay and Servier Medical Art.
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Synthetic emulsifiers promote metabolic syndrome and considerably alter gut microbiota. Data is lacking regarding natural emulsifiers like plant lecithins, a polar lipid-rich source of 18:3n-3 PUFA (ALA). For 13 weeks, male Swiss mice were fed ALA-replete semi-synthetic high-fat diet (HFD) including lecithin from rapeseed (RL) or soy, vs 2 HFD-controls devoid of lecithin (ALA-replete; low-ALA), vs Chow. Lecithins did not enhance HFDinduced adiposity nor increased inflammation, did not alter gut barrier markers and caecal bile acids, and contributed to n-3 PUFA status. Lecithins improved gut microbiota diversity. RL (10% in fat) even restored alpha-diversity similar to Chow, increased Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Lactobacillus and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 groups, and decreased Blautia genus bacteria. The abundance of most beneficial lecithin-enhanced bacteria was positively correlated to the amount of faecal polar lipid-bound ALA. These findings show that lecithins can beneficially affect the gut microbiota in association with changes in lipid residues in the distal gut.
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