Is cholesterol a risk factor for breast cancer incidence and outcome?
2023
Ben Hassen, Céline | Goupille, Caroline | Vigor, Claire | Durand, Thierry | Guéraud, Françoise | Silvente-Poirot, Sandrine | Poirot, Marc | Frank, Philippe, G. | Niche, Nutrition, Cancer et métabolisme oxydatif (N2Cox) ; Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) | Hôpital Bretonneau ; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours) | Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM) ; Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM) ; Université de Montpellier (UM) | Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA) ; ToxAlim (ToxAlim) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | SSP and MP were funded by an internal grant from the “Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale”, the “Université de Toulouse III", CNRS, and “Elles” association. MP, CV, and PGF were supported by Institut National contre le Cancer (INCA) (PLBIO-2018-145). CG was supported by a Cancéropôle Grand-Ouest grant (BCExpos project), Région Centre-Val de Loire (France), University of Tours, and INSERM.
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Cholesterol plays important roles in many physiological processes, including cell membrane structure and function, hormone synthesis, and the regulation of cellular homeostasis. The role of cholesterol in breast cancer is complex, and some studies have suggested that elevated cholesterol levels may be associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer, while others have found no significant association. On the other hand, other studies have shown that, for total cholesterol and plasma HDL-associated cholesterol levels, there was inverse association with breast cancer risk.One possible mechanism by which cholesterol may contribute to breast cancer risk is as a key precursor of estrogen. Other potential mechanisms by which cholesterol may contribute to breast cancer risk include its role in inflammation and oxidative stress, which have been linked to cancer progression. Cholesterol has also been shown to play a role in signaling pathways regulating the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. In addition, recent studies have shown that cholesterol metabolism can generate tumor promoters such as cholesteryl esters, oncosterone, 27-hydroxycholesterol but also tumor suppressor metabolites such as dendrogenin A.This review summarizes some of the most important clinical studies that have evaluated the role of cholesterol or its derivatives in breast cancer. It also addresses the role of cholesterol and its derivatives at the cellular level.
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