Opportunities for animal genetics to foster the ecological transition of livestock farming systems
2022
Savietto, Davi | Douhard, Frédéric | Gilbert, Hélène | Rupp, Rachel | Fortun, Laurence | Ducos, Alain | Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE) ; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Industrial livestock systems faces a major crisis of legitimacy and animal breeding contributes to this situation. Worldwide, breeding goals focus on economic performance and rarely consider the environmental and social impacts. Agroecology offers a conceptual framework to think alternative solutions to face this crisis and to guide the transition of livestock farming towards nature-based systems. Animal genetics, as an essential component of animal husbandry, should contribute to this evolution. Based on the agroecological principles applied to animal farming and the efficiency-substitution-redesign (ESR) framework, we showed that animal breeding mainly focused on the E-S levels of the ESR framework and few on the redesign of animal farming. We then present some perspectives for the redesign of breeding goals, the use of the G×E interaction information in the evaluation of animals, and the benefits of managing the available genetic diversity of livestock species to fit to the needs of nature-inclusive systems.
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