Looking beyond the mountain: dispersal barriers in a changing world
2016
Caplat, Paul | Edelaar, Pim | Dudaniec, Rachael Y. | Green, Andy J. | Okamura, Beth | Cote, Julien | Ekroos, Johan | Jonsson, Per R. | Löndahl, Jakob | Tesson, Sylvie V.M. | Petit, Eric | Centre for Environmental and Climate Research [Lund] (CEC) ; Skane University Hospital [Lund] | Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering ; Universidad Pablo de Olavide [Sevilla] (UPO) | Department of Biological Sciences ; The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU) | Department of Wetland Ecology ; Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Life Sciences Department ; Centre wallon de Recherches Agronomiques [Belgique] = Walloon Agricultural Research Centre [Belgium] (CRA-W) | Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Gothenburg] ; Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg (GU) | Department of Design Sciences ; Skane University Hospital [Lund] | Department of Marine Sciences ; University of Connecticut (UCONN) | Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Dispersal barriers have demographic, evolutionary, and ecosystem-wide consequences. With ongoing changes in the environment, some dispersal barriers will likely disappear while new ones will appear, and it is crucial to understand these dynamics to forecast species’ distributions and adaptive potential. Here we review recent literature on the ecological and evolutionary aspects of dispersal to highlight key dynamics of dispersal barriers in the face of global change. After defining dispersal barriers, we explain that a better understanding of their dynamics requires identifying the barrier types that are most susceptible to change and predicting species’ responses. This knowledge is a prerequisite for designing management strategies to increase or reduce connectivity, and maintain adaptive potential. Our intent is to motivate researchers to explicitly consider dispersal barriers in order to better forecast the dynamics of species and ecosystems subject to global change.
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