Descriptive analysis and prognostic factors in cats with myeloma‐related disorders: A multicenter retrospective study of 50 cases
2024
Lecot, Lorris | Desmas-Bazelle, Isabelle | Benjamin, Sarah | de Fornel, Pauline | Ponce, Frédérique | Kornya, Matthew | Desquilbet, Loic | Beaudu-Lange, Claire | Ibisch, Catherine | Sayag, David | Benchekroun, Ghita | Béguin, Jérémy | École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA) | Royal Veterinary College [London] ; University of London [London] | Davies Veterinary specialist | MICEN-Vet | VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | Interactions Cellules Environnement - UR (ICE) ; VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | University of Guelph [Guelf, Ontario, Canada] | IMRB - "Biologie du système neuromusculaire" [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC) ; École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB) ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12) | Clinique Vétérinaire de la Pierre Bleue [Pipriac] (CVPB) | Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering ; École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS) | École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS) | ONCOnseil, Toulouse | Unité de Médecine Interne ; École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA) | Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12) | Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO) ; École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie ; Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Background: Myeloma‐related disorders (MRDs) are rare and poorly documented neoplasms of cats. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe clinical, clinicopathologic, and imaging findings, response to treatment, and survival time and to identify factors associated with shorter outcomes in cats with MRD. Animals: Fifty cats with a diagnosis of MRD. Methods: Cats with paraproteinemia confirmed by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and either intramedullary plasmacytosis >10%, marked cytonuclear atypia with intramedullary plasmacytosis that ranged between 5% and 10%, or cytologically or histologically confirmed visceral infiltration were retrospectively included from several veterinary referral centers. Results: Bone marrow plasmacytosis and splenic or hepatic involvement were present in 17/27 cats (63%), 36/42 cats (86%), and 27/38 cats (71%), respectively. Anemia was reported in 33/49 cats (67%) and thrombocytopenia in 16/47 cats (34%). Some of the treatments that the cats received included melphalan and prednisolone (n = 19), cyclophosphamide and prednisolone (n = 10), chlorambucil and prednisolone (n = 4), prednisolone (n = 4), or other (n = 4). The overall response rates to melphalan, cyclophosphamide, and chlorambucil in combination with prednisolone were 87%, 90%, and 100%, respectively. Adverse events to melphalan or cyclophosphamide occurred in 65% and 23% of cats, respectively. Median survival time was 122 days (range, 0‐1403) and was not significantly associated with chemotherapy protocol. Anemia (hazard ratio [HR], 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0‐9.8) and thrombocytopenia (HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.2‐6.0) were risk factors for shorter survival. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our study confirmed the guarded prognosis of MRD in cats and identified risk factors for shorter survival times.
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