Arylcyclohexylamine Derivatives: Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, Clinical and Forensic Aspects
2022
Pelletier, Romain | Le Daré, Brendan | Le Bouedec, Diane | Kernalléguen, Angéline | Ferron, Pierre-Jean | Morel, Isabelle | Gicquel, Thomas | Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou] | This project was supported by financial allowance from “Défi Scientifique” Université Rennes 1. Direction de la Recherche et de l’Innovation; CHU de Rennes-Hôpital Pontchaillou-2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033 Rennes 352 Cedex 9.
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Since the 2000s, an increasing number of new psychoactive substances (NPS) have appeared on the drug market. Arylcyclohexylamine (ACH) compounds such as ketamine, phencyclidine and eticyclidine derivatives are of particular concern, given their rapidly increasing use and the absence of detailed toxicity data. First used mainly for their pharmacological properties in anesthesia, their recreational use is increasing. ACH derivatives have an antagonistic activity against the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, which leads to dissociative effects (dissociation of body and mind). Synthetic ketamine derivatives produced in Asia are now arriving in Europe, where most are not listed as narcotics and are, thus, legal. These structural derivatives have pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that are sometimes very different from ketamine. Here, we describe the pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry and metabolism of ACH derivatives, and we review the case reports on intoxication.
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