Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease
2016
Gulia-Nuss, Monika | Nuss, Andrew B. | Meyer, Jason M. | Sonenshine, Daniel E. | Roe, R. Michael | Waterhouse, Robert M. | Sattelle, David B. | de La Fuente, Jose | Ribeiro, Jose M. | Megy, Karine | Thimmapuram, Jyothi | Miller, Jason R. | Walenz, Brian P. | Koren, Sergey | Hostetler, Jessica B. | Thiagarajan, Mathangi | Joardar, Vinita S. | Hannick, Linda I. | Bidwell, Shelby | Hammond, Martin P. | Young, Sarah | Zeng, Qiandong | Abrudan, Jenica L. | Almeida, Francisca C. | Ayllon, Nieves | Bhide, Ketaki | Bissinger, Brooke W. | Bonzon-Kulichenko, Elena | Buckingham, Steven D. | Caffrey, Daniel R. | Caimano, Melissa J. | Croset, Vincent | Driscoll, Timothy | Gilbert, Don | Gillespie, Joseph J. | Giraldo-Calderon, Gloria I. | Grabowski, Jeffrey M. | Jiang, David | Khalil, Sayed M. S. | Kim, Donghun | Kocan, Katherine M. | Koči, Juraj | Kuhn, Richard J. | Kurtti, Timothy J. | Lees, Kristin | Lang, Emma G. | Kennedy, Ryan C. | Kwon, Hyeogsun | Perera, Rushika | Qi, Yumin | Radolf, Justin D. | Sakamoto, Joyce M. | Sanchez-Gracia, Alejandro | Severo, Maiara S. | Silverman, Neal | Tojo, Marta | Tornador, Cristian | van Zee, Janice P. | Vazquez, Jesus | Vieira, Filipe G. | Villar, Margarita | Wespiser, Adam R. | Yang, Yunlong | Zhu, Jiwei | Arensburger, Peter | Pietrantonio, Patricia V. | Barker, Stephen C. | Shao, Renfu | Zdobnov, Evgeny M. | Hauser, Frank | Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J. P. | Park, Yoonseong | Rozas, Julio | Benton, Richard | Pedra, Joao H. F. | Nelson, David R. | Unger, Maria F. | Tubio, Jose M. C. | Tu, Zhijian | Robertson, Hugh M. | Shumway, Martin | Sutton, Granger | Wortman, Jennifer R. | Lawson, Daniel | Wikel, Stephen K. | Nene, Vishvanath M. | Fraser, Claire M. | Collins, Frank H. | Birren, Bruce | Nelson, Karen E. | Caler, Elisabet | Hill, Catherine A. | University of Nevada ; Partenaires INRAE | Department of Entomology ; Michigan State University [East Lansing] ; Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System | Department Biotechnology ; Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP) | Department of Biological Sciences ; The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU) | North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State) ; University of North Carolina System (UNC) | Department of Genetic Medicine and Development ; Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE) | Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT ; Partenaires INRAE | Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB) ; Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL) | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) | University College of London [London] (UCL) | SaBio ; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) | Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences ; Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU) | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Deseases (NIAID) | University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM) | VectorBase ; Partenaires INRAE | Purdue University [West Lafayette] | J. Craig Venter Institute [La Jolla, USA] (JCVI) | Department of Biological Sciences ; University of Notre Dame [Indiana] (UND) | Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona = Autonomous University of Barcelona = Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB) | Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) | University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS) ; University of Massachusetts System (UMASS) | University of Connecticut (UCONN) | Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL) | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg] | Department of Biology ; Indiana University [Bloomington] ; Indiana University System-Indiana University System | Department of Biochemistry [Blacksburg] ; Virginia Tech [Blacksburg] | Agricultural Research Center | Department of Entomology ; Texas A&M University System | Minnesota State University ; Partenaires INRAE | University of Manchester [Manchester] | Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences ; University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco) ; University of California (UC)-University of California (UC) | Department of Entomology ; Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) ; Penn State System-Penn State System | University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside) ; University of California (UC) | Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [España] = University of Santiago de Compostela [Spain] = Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle [Espagne] (USC) | Department of Experimental and Health Sciences ; Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF) | Universitat de Barcelona (UB) | California State Polytechnic University [Pomona] (CAL POLY POMONA) | The University of Queensland (UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations]) | University of the Sunshine Coast (USC) | University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) | University of Tennessee | Universidade de Vigo | Cancer Genome Project ; The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge] | University of Illinois ; University of Illinois System | Quinnipiac University | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (NIAID, NIH, DHHS) [N01-AI30071, HHSN272200900007C, HHSN266200400001C, 5R01GM77117-5]; NIH-NIAID [HHSN266200400039C, HHSN272200900039C]; Australian Research Council [DP120100240]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [BFU2007-6292, BFU2010-15484, BIO2009-07990, BIO2012-37926]; NIH [1R01AI090062, 1R21AI096268, HHSN272200900040C, R01AI017828, R01AI043006]; NSF [IOS-0949194]; Xunta de Galicia of Spain [10PXIB918057PR]; EU FP7 ANTIGONE [278976]; USDA-NRI/CREES [2008-35302-18820]; Texas AgriLife Research Vector Biology grant; European Research Council Starting Independent
International audience
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Ticks transmit more pathogens to humans and animals than any other arthropod. We describe the 2.1 Gbp nuclear genome of the tick, Ixodes scapularis (Say), which vectors pathogens that cause Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other diseases. The large genome reflects accumulation of repetitive DNA, new lineages of retro-transposons, and gene architecture patterns resembling ancient metazoans rather than pancrustaceans. Annotation of scaffolds representing similar to 57% of the genome, reveals 20,486 protein-coding genes and expansions of gene families associated with tick-host interactions. We report insights from genome analyses into parasitic processes unique to ticks, including host 'questing', prolonged feeding, cuticle synthesis, blood meal concentration, novel methods of haemoglobin digestion, haem detoxification, vitellogenesis and prolonged off-host survival. We identify proteins associated with the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging disease, and the encephalitis-causing Langat virus, and a population structure correlated to life-history traits and transmission of the Lyme disease agent.
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