The fatty acid desaturase 3 gene encodes for different FADS3 protein isoforms in mammalian tissues.
2010
Pédrono, Frédérique, F. | Blanchard, Hélène | Kloareg, Maëla | d'Andrea, S. | Daval, Stéphanie | Rioux, Vincent, V. | Legrand, Philippe, P. | Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine ; AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées Agrocampus (LMA2) ; AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Chimie Biologique (UCB) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Unité mixte de recherche biologie des organismes et des populations appliquée à la protection des plantes (BIO3P) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
In 2000, Marquardt et al. (A. Marquardt, H. Stöhr, K. White, and B. H. F. Weber. 2000. cDNA cloning, genomic structure, and chromosomal localization of three members of the human fatty acid desaturase family. Genomics. 66: 176-183.) described the genomic structure of the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) cluster in humans. This cluster includes the FADS1 and FADS2 genes encoding, respectively, for the Delta 5- and Delta 6-desaturases involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. A third gene, named FADS3, has recently been identified but no functional role has yet been attributed to the putative FADS3 protein. In this study, we investigated the FADS3 occurrence in rat tissues by using two specific polyclonal antibodies directed against the N-terminal and C-terminal ends of rat FADS3. Our results showed three potential protein isoforms of FADS3 (75 kDa, 51 kDa, and 37 kDa) present in a tissue-dependent manner. The occurrence of these FADS3 isoforms did not depend on the mRNA level determined by real-time PCR. In parallel, mouse tissues were also tested and showed the same three FADS3 isoforms but with a different tissue distribution. Finally, we reported the existence of FADS3 in human cells and tissues but different new isoforms were identified. To conclude, we showed in this study that FADS3 does exist under multiple protein isoforms depending on the mammalian tissues. These results will help further investigations to determine the physiological function of FADS3.
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