The food contaminant, deoxynivalenol, decreases intestinal barrier function and reduces claudin expression
2009
Pinton, Philippe | Nougayrède, Jean-Philippe | del Rio, Juan-Carlos | Moreno, Carolina | Marin, Daniela E. | Ferrier, Laurent | Loureiro-Bracarense, Ana-Paula | Kolf-Clauw, Martine | Oswald, Isabelle P. | Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | National Institute for research development in animal biology and nutrition (INCDBNA - IBNA) ; Partenaires INRAE | Centre de Biochimie Structurale [Montpellier] (CBS) ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina | Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Unité de recherche Pharmacologie-Toxicologie (UPT) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. The gastrointestinal tract represents the first barrier against food contaminants as well as the first target for these toxicants. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that commonly contaminates cereals and causes various toxicological effects. Through consumption of contaminated cereals and cereal products, human and pigs are exposed to this mycotoxin. Using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo approaches, we investigated the effects of DON on the intestinal epithelium. We demonstrated that, in intestinal epithelial cell lines from porcine (IPEC-1) or human (Caco-2) origin, DON decreases trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and increases in a time and dose-dependent manner the paracellular permeability to 4 kDa dextran and to pathogenic Escherichia coli across intestinal cell monolayers. In pig explants treated with DON, we also observed an increased permeability of intestinal tissue. These alterations of barrier function were associated with a specific reduction in the expression of claudins, which was also seen in vivo in the jejunum of piglets exposed to DON-contaminated feed. In conclusion, DON alters claudin expression and decreases the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. Considering that high levels of DON may be present in food or feed, consumption of DON-contaminated food/feed may induce intestinal damage and has consequences for human and animal health.
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