Hybrid rice research and development in Indonesia
2003
Suwamo | Nuswantoro, N.W. | Munarso, Y.P. | Direja, M.
The plateauing trend of rice production and the success of the development and commercial use of hybrid rice technology outside China, including India, Vietnam, and the Philippines, encouraged the government of Indonesia to intensify research on and development of hybrid rice in 1998. Some hybrid rice varieties, including two public and five private ones, were released recently. The public hybrids, Rokan and Maro, yielded 1.0-1.5 t ha¯¹ higher than the inbred variety IR64 in suitable conditions. The hybrids are susceptible to the major pests brown planthopper, bacterial leaf blight, and rice tungro virus, and may not always express heterosis across locations. Cultivation of the hybrids should be followed by application of integrated pest management, but cultivation is not recommended in the endemic area of the pests. The breeding program of developing better hybrids is conducted by public as well as private institutions and some promising hybrids have been developed. The development of CMS lines resistant to the major pests is also in progress. A program for disseminating hybrid rice technology has begun in 15 districts identified as having potential for hybrid rice cultivation. The total area of hybrid rice cultivation during this season is about 60 ha and will be increased gradually to at least 500,000 ha in the wet season of 2004-05. A seed system suitable for hybrid rice, including seed production, inspection, and certification, is being established.
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