Somaclonal variation of indica and javanica rice

English. An experiment to test the ability of Indica and Javanica rice for callus induction and plant regeneration was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Central Research Institute for Food Crops, Bogor, in 1990/91 and 1991/92. Mature embryos of Indica rice subspecies (IR36, IR64, Kapuas, Sentani) and Javanica subspecies (Pandanwangi, Rojolele) were used as sources of explants. The medium used for callus induction was LS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0,5; 1.0; 2.0 mg/l) and kinetin (0.5 mg/l) while that for regeneration was LS medium + BAP (0.3 and 1.0 mg/l) + NAA/IAA (0.5; 1.0; 2.0 mg/l). PEG (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 g/l) were used as the in vitro water stressing agent. Most of the explants were able to produce calli derived from their scutellum, and the highest percentage of callus formation was obtained from explant grow on the combination of LS medium + 2 mg/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l kinetin. Most of the calli were able to produce roots," green-spots", but only varieties Kapuas and Sentani (Indica subspecies) produced plantlets. Variety Sentani that was regenerated from LS medium supplemented with a high concentration of PEG was considered as a drought resistance plant genotype. All plantlets produced from the experiments were then acclimatized in the green house. It is necessary to continue the research for somaclonal variation of the plants either in the greenhouse or in the field

unknown. Percobaan-percobaan untuk menguji kemampuan tanaman padi sub spesies Indika dan Javanika dalam membentuk kalus dan regenerasi tanaman telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan, Bogor, pada tahun anggaran 1990/91 dan 1991/92. Biji-biji padi masak dari varietas tanaman padi yang termasuk subspesies Indika (IR36, IR64, Kapuas. Sentani) dan subspesies Javanika (Pandanwangi, Rojolele) digunakan sebagai bahan eksplan. Komposisi media yang digunakan untuk induksi kalus adalah media LS dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh 2,4-D (0,5; 1,0; 2,0 mg/l) dan kinetin (0,5 mg/l). Sedangkan untuk media regenerasi digunakan media LS yang diberi zat pengatur tumbuh BAP (0,3 dan 1,0 mg/l), NAA/IAA (0,5; 1,0; 2,0 mg/l) dan PEG (0, 10, 20, 40 dan 80 g/l) sebagai bahan cekaman kekeringan secara in vitro. Kebanyakan bahan eksplan yang diinokulasikan mampu menghasilkan kalus yang berasal deari jaringan kutelum. Produksi kalus tertinggi diperoleh dari perlakuan media LS + 2 mg/l 2.4-D + 0,5 mg/l kinetin. Hampir semua kalus mampu menghasilkan perakaran, titik-titik hijau, dan hanya varietas Kapuas dan Sentani (subspesies Indika) yang berhasil diregenerasikan menjadi planlet