[Geographic Information System (GIS) application to evaluate land suitability for food crops and potential of agriculture mechanization]
1999
Anasiru, R.H. (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jagung dan Serealia Lain, Maros (Indonesia)) | Singh, G.
English. The main objective of this study were to identify suitable area for the crops planted in study area based on land suitability classes, to establish the present status of mechanization and to identify the farm mechanization potential in Sidenreng Rappang district, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The capabilities of GIS software packages (ARC/INFO) were applied to find suitability of land for the crops and potential level of mechanization for the study area. Thematic maps were digitized and were further analysed for assessment. Total geographic area of Sidrap district was 188,332 hectares of which 68,968 hectares was cultivated land. Total suitable areas (highly, moderately and marginally) for paddy, maize and cassava were found to be 62,696; 20,894 and 44,403 hectares respectively. For the mechanization it was found that 66,957 hectares of cultivated land can be mechanized using tractor and hand tractor. The average yield farmers had higher cost of cultivation than the irrigated land farmers. For hand tractor, the break even area (ha) was around 11 hectares per season and for power thresher it was 9 ton per season or equal to around 3 hectares per season. The number of tractors has declined from 326 units in 1982 to 22 units in 1998, mainly due to lack of spare parts. However the number of hand tractors increased from 2 to 1,533 units during the same period. At present there are 1,533 hand tractors, 929 threshers and 219 pumps. Assuming that the sizes of hand tractor and thresher remain the same, the potential of mechanization in the study area was determined based on hand tractor-irrigated land, hand tractor-small irrigation scheme, hand tractor-pump irrigation and hand tractor/buffalo-rainfed land. The spatial coverages of these groups were estimated to be 33,375; 3,199; 7,726 and 18,657 hectares, respectively. Based on the paddy cultivated area and break even point, the total numbers of hand tractors and power threshers required were estimated to be 6,087 and 22,319 units, respectively. Considering with the pump irrigated area of 7,726 hectares, the number of pumps were estimated to be 1,731 units
Show more [+] Less [-]unknown. Penelitian aplikasi Geographic Information System (GIS) untuk evaluasi kesesuaian lahan tanaman pangan dan potensi mekanisasi pertanian bertujuan mengevaluasi kesesuaian pertanaman berdasarkan kelas kesesuaian lahan, memverifikasi status mekanisasi pertanian dan mengidentifikasi potensi mekanisasi pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang (Sidrap), propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Kemampuan software GIS ArcInfo dan ArcView mendeteksi kesesuaian lahan untuk pertanaman dan mengklasifikasi level potensi mekanisasi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pembuatan tematik map dikerjakan melalui proses digitasi selanjutnya digunakan untuk tophologic overlay analysis. Luas areal kabupaten Sidrap 188.322 ha. Areal yang diklasifikasikan sebagai lahan pertanian khususnya padi dan palawija seluas 68.968 ha. Total areal (sangat sesuai, cukup sesuai dan sesuai marginal) untuk padi, jagung dan ubikayu masing-masing 62.296; 20.894 dan 22.403 ha. Penerapan mekanisasi khususnya penggunaan alsin pengolahan tanah yakni traktor besar (30-90 hp) dan traktor tangan (5-8,5 hp) dapat digunakan pada areal dengan kemiringan 8 persen-14 persen adalah seluas 66.957 ha. Pada areal irigasi, rata-rata hasil yang dicapai adalah 3.25 ton/ha, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan 1.86 ton/ha, di sawah tadah hujan. Ditinjau dari segi ekonomi, penggunaan tenaga sapi untuk pengolahan tanah pada sawah tadah hujan lebih tinggi biayanya dari areal irigasi. Untuk traktor tangan, break even area (ha) adalah 11 ha/musim dan untuk thresher yakni 9 ton/musim setara dengan 3 ha/musim. Disebabkan oleh kurangnya suku cadang dan kecilnya luas lahan garapan, penggunaan traktor besar menurun dari 326 unit pada tahun 1982 menjadi 22 unit pada tahun 1998. Sebaliknya, jumlah traktor tangan meningkat dari 2 menjadi 1.533 unit dalam periode yang sama. Saat ini jumlah traktor tangan, thresher dan pompa masing-masing adalah 1.533; 929 dan 219 unit. Dengan mengasumsi ukuran enjin yang digunakan pada traktor tangan dan thresher sama, maka potensi mekanisasi dapat dideterminasi berdasarkan kategori penggunaan traktor tangan-irigasi teknik, traktor tangan-irigasi sederhana, traktor tangan-pompanisasi dan traktor tangan/sapi-tadah hujan. Spatial coverage untuk masing-masing kategori adalah 33.375; 3.199; 7.726 dan 18.657 hektar. Berdasarkan luasan areal pertanaman padi dan break even point, estimasi kebutuhan traktor tangan dan thresher adalah masing-masing 6.087 dan 22.319 unit. Sedangkan estimasi kebutuhan pompa yang didasarkan pada areal pompanisasi 7.726 ha adalah 1.731 unit
Show more [+] Less [-]AGROVOC Keywords
Bibliographic information
This bibliographic record has been provided by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Library and Technology Dissemination