Jääkmuda tahendamistõhususe uurimine

Eesti väikepuhastites puhastatakse reovett enamasti aktiivmudaseadmetega. Protsessi käigus tekib rohkelt jääkmuda, mille käitlemine on selle omaduste tõttu keeruline ning kulukas. Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärgiks on uurida keemiliseks eeltöötluseks kasutatavate polümeeride sobivust ja toime efektiivust erinevate puhastite jääkmuda käitlemisel, enne pressimist. Magistritöö koostamiseks valiti AS Emajõe Veevärgi hallata olevate väikepuhastite hulgast välja seitse puhastit, millest võeti jääkmuda. Katseteks vajalikud polümeerid saadi AS Kemivesilt ning Baltic Floc OÜ-lt. Katsete teostamiseks kasutati AS Kemivesi poolt praktiseeritud topsikatsete metoodikat. Pulbrilisel kujul polümeeridest valmistati 0,1% lahus, mida doseeriti jääkmuda proovile. Segamine toimus anumast anumasse valamisega. Hinnati tekkinud mudaflokki ning filtreerumise käigus eraldunud rejektvett. Magistritöö tulemusel leiti iga puhasti jääkmudale efektiivseimad polümeerid. Nende hulgast valiti välja kaks universaalset polümeeri, mis sobisid kasutamiseks seitsmes valitud puhastis. Puhasti haldajale soovitati järgmised kaks polümeeri: Superfloc C-492 (AS Kemivesi) ning Zetag 8185 (Baltic Floc OÜ)

In Estonia small wastewater treatment plants use activated sludge treatment for wastewater. In this process there is a large amount of excess sludge produced. Due to its characteristic handling sludge is complex and expensive. The aim of this master’s thesis is to study the efficiency of different polymers used in the chemical conditioning on the sludge of several wastewater treatment plants before dewatering. To compile this master’s thesis there were picked seven small wastewater treatment plants managed by AS Emajõe Veevärk where the sludge was gathered. Polymers were received from two companies AS Kemivesi and Baltic Floc OÜ. To test polymers there was used the cup method, practiced by AS Kemivesi. First there was prepared 0,1% suspension from the polymer powder. The suspension was dosed to the sludge. Mixing was simple pouring one cup to another. Later the sludge flock and rejected water from the filtrating process were assessed. As a result from this master’s thesis there were selected the most effective polymers for the sludge of each wastewater treatment plant. From these polymers there were selected two universal polymers that are usable in all picked wastewater treatment plants. To the manager of wastewater treatment plants there were suggested these two polymers - Superfloc C-492 and Zetag 8185.