Stem-end rot diseases of tropical fruit - mode of infection in mango, and prospects for control. [Workshop paper]
1994
Johnson, G.I. (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, St Lucia (Australia). Div. of Horticulture) | Mead, A.J. | Cooke, A.W. | Wells, I.A. (Queensland Dept. of Primary Industries, Brisbane (Australia))
Stem-end rots caused by Ladiodiplodia theobromae, Dothiorella spp. Phomopsis mangiferae and other fungi are serious postharvest diseases of tropical and subtropical fruit. In Australia, Dothiorella spp. are generally the main cause of stem-end rot of mango. In mango, postharvest losses do not result from infection at flowering or fruit set - fruitlets infected at this time are aborted. Natural infections by Dothiorella spp. reappear in stem-end tissue of fruit 11 weeks after full flowering and are more prevalent in the peduncle at that time. All fungi which cause stem-end rots of mango (Dothiorella dominicana, D. mangiferae, P. mangiferae, L. theobromae, Cytosphaeria mangiferae and Pestalotiopsis sp.) were found as endophytes associated with healthy stem tissue prior to inflorescence emergence. Some of these fungi progressively colonised the inflorescence tissue, and were present in the pedicel tissue of some fruit 8 weeks after flowering. Our results suggest that stem-end rot pathogens are endophytes occurring widely on mature branches of mango trees. Mycelia of the fungi colonise inflorescence tissue as it matures and in certain conditions, reach the stem end of fruit. Infections then remain latent until after harvest or until the unharvested fruit senesce.
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