Injury levels for soil-dwelling insects in sunflower in the Central Highlands, Queensland
1990
Murray, D.A.H. (Queensland Dept. of Primary Industries, Toowoomba (Australia)) | Wicks, R.
Laboratory studies established that adults and nymphs of cockroaches, Calolampra spp., and Pterohelaeus alternatus beetles were most damaging to sunflower seedlings. Field trials were used to define an economic injury level (EIL) for these insects in sunflower, but were inconclusive. However, based on seed costs alone, 1.34 insects per mound per night was established as an EIL. Injury equivalents were used to refine the EIL to account for multiple species attacking seedling crops. At the recommended baiting rate of 2.5 kg per ha, the EIL was 1.97 insect equivalents per mound per night.
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