Identification of Tachina flies species (Diptera: Tachinidae ) parasite on Lepidopteran larvae and determine the physiological relationship of species Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824) with its host as a model
2023
Esraa Mahmoud Ahmad
The Tachina family is belonging to the Diptera order, is one of the important families that includes Endoparasitoids, which contribute significantly to reducing the level of economic damage to many species of Lepidoptera insects, that are widespread in different agricultural environments. Several species of this family have been used successfully in biological control programmes. The field survey carried out during 2019 to 2022 in the fields and forests from different regions in Lattakia and Tartous showed the presence of five species of parasitoids from the Exoristinae subfamily on different insect families of the order Lepidoptera: Buquetia musca Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847, Phryxe vulgaris (Fallén, 1810), Phryxe caudata (Rondani, 1859), Exorista larvarum (Linnaeus, 1758), and the species Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824). This is the first record of these species in the Syrian coast. The result of the field survey showed that C. concinnata is the most common and important species in the coastal region, on different types of Lepidoptera larvae that infect forest trees, orchards and field crops, as it was found on the larvae of five new species of insect hosts in the Syrian coast. This is the first record for these hosts. The percentage of parasitism of the parasitoid C.concinnata on the larvae of the P.rapae and P.brassicae was 47. 61% and 27. 22% during the 2019 growing season, and 41.77% and 10.84% on both hosts for the 2020 growing season, respectively. While the percentage of parasitism on the P.rapae has decreased to 19.04%, accompanied by an increase over the P.brassicae has reached to 79.41% for 2021. Some biological indicators were observed for the parasitoid, at a temperature of 25c˚±1, a humidity of 65±5% and a lighting period (16L:8D), where the average duration of larval development was 13.32±0.89 days and 10.2 ±4.58 days, while it was 13.15± 2.14 days and 10.3±2.22 days for the pupal stage. As for the duration of the male's life, it was 5.76±0.93 days and 5.24±1.36 days, while the female's was 8.6±1.07 days and 6.6±1.69 days in the gregarious parasitism and solitary parasitism, respectively. As for the length of the different stages of the parasitoid in millimeters, the average length of the pupae was 6.57± 0.40 mm, 5.5±0.58 mm, while the length of the male was 6.73 ± 0.24 mm, 5.68±0.42 mm, but the female was 7.40 ± 0.34 mm, 6.6±1.69 mm, respectively. The laboratory results of rearing of the C.concinnata on the different instars of the larvae of the P.brassicae, that it prefers the third and fourth larval instar compared to different instar ,and the rate of parasitism was 20% on the third and 13. 33% on the fourth larval instar. It was also found that the size of pupae and adults decreases in the gregarious parasitism. in addition to a decrease in the duration of development for the different stages of the parasitoid, and the rate of emergence of adult parasitoid decreased from 92.85% in the Solitary parasitism to 60.71% in gregarious parasitism.The results of the study showed the possibility of pupal storage for 45 days in low temperature conditions at 10±1C˚ under complete darkness 0L:24D and relative humidity of 65±5%, where the percentage of adults emerging to parasitoid reached 43, 33% after the end of the storage period, and put them under suitable conditions for their development and the highest percentage of emergence of parasitoid adults after being kept at a temperature of 15±1C˚ for 30 days, where the percentage of adults emerging to parasitoid was 93,33%, in addition to the absence of deformed or under developed adults .
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Bibliographic information
Publisher
Tishreen University Faculty of Agriculture Engineering
Other Subjects
ذباب التاكينا; Compsilura concinnata; الساحل السوري; Syrian coastal region
Language
Arabic
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