Feasibility of capillary liquid chromatography–microchip-atmospheric pressure photoionization–mass spectrometry for pesticide analysis in tomato
2011
Kruve, Anneli | Haapala, Markus | Saarela, Ville | Franssila, Sami | Kostiainen, Risto | Kotiaho, Tapio | Ketola, Raimo A.
A new and sensitive analytical method, using capillary liquid chromatography (capLC) with a microfabricated heated nebulizer chip for atmospheric pressure photoionization and tandem mass spectrometry (μAPPI–MS/MS), was developed for the analysis of selected carbamate pesticides in a tomato matrix. The performance of the instrumental method was evaluated, using seven pesticides, namely oxamyl, methomyl, aldicarb, carbofuran, pirimicarb, thiocarb, and ditalimfos. The limits of detection achieved with the capLC–μAPPI–MS/MS method in the positive ion mode were low, ranging from 0.25ngmL⁻¹ for pirimicarb to 5ngmL⁻¹ for oxamyl and methomyl, corresponding to 5 and 0.25μgkg⁻¹ for tomato samples, respectively, which are clearly below the maximum residue limits for them in fruits and vegetables. The repeatability of the instrumental method ranged from 2.9 to 13.9% (RSD) at a low (0.05μgmL⁻¹) concentration level. An adequate linearity (r²=0.984–0.999) at a concentration range from 0.005 to 5.0μgmL⁻¹ was observed for all pesticides. The results obtained show that the capLC–μAPPI–MS/MS method developed could be used for the analysis of selected pesticides from tomato.
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