Metal-induced decomposition of perchlorate in pressurized hot water
2012
Hori, Hisao | Sakamoto, Takehiko | Tanabe, Takashi | Kasuya, Miu | Chino, Asako | Wu, Qian | Kannan, Kurunthachalam
Decomposition of perchlorate (ClO₄ ⁻) in pressurized hot water (PHW) was investigated. Although ClO₄ ⁻ demonstrated little reactivity in pure PHW up to 300°C, addition of zerovalent metals to the reaction system enhanced the decomposition of ClO₄ ⁻ to Cl⁻ with an increasing order of activity of (no metal)≈Al<Cu<Zn<Ni<<Fe: the addition of iron powder led to the most efficient decomposition of ClO₄ ⁻. When the iron powder was added to an aqueous ClO₄ ⁻ solution (104μM) and the mixture was heated at 150°C, ClO₄ ⁻ concentration fell below 0.58μM (58μgL⁻¹, detection limit of ion chromatography) in 1h, and Cl⁻ was formed with the yield of 85% after 6h. The decomposition was accompanied by transformation of the zerovalent iron to Fe₃O₄. This method was successfully used in the decomposition of ClO₄ ⁻ in a water sample contaminated with this compound, following fireworks display at Albany, New York, USA.
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