Immunomodulatory effects of hyperthermia on resisting WSSV infection in Procambarus clarkii
2015
Wu, X | Xiong, H | Wang, Y | Du, H
White spot disease remains a constant threat to aquaculture worldwide. Hyperthermia has been shown to reduce mortality in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)‐infected shrimps, but the mechanism still remains unclear. In this study, we sought to identify host immune factors that contribute to inhibition of WSSV infection during hyperthermia. In WSSV‐infected red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard) cultured at 24 ± 1 °C, transcriptional levels of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene showed a modest, 2.2‐fold increase in haemocytes following 48 h post‐infection (hpi). In contrast, in WSSV‐infected crayfish cultured at 32 ± 1 °C, Hsp70 gene expression showed a rapid, 19.5‐fold induction by 4 hpi. This suggests that Hsp70 plays a positive regulatory role in resistance to WSSV infection during hyperthermia. Furthermore, total haemocyte counts (THC) and phenoloxidase (PO) activity were both significantly increased in WSSV‐infected crayfish cultured at 32 ± 1 °C by 48 hpi. Both may be critical for crayfish survival in the late stages of WSSV infection. Collectively, the up‐regulation of host protein Hsp70 expression and increase in THC and PO activity suggest that hyperthermia has immunomodulatory effect that enhanced the resistance of P. clarkii to WSSV infection.
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