Composition of anthocyanins in mulberry and their antioxidant activity
2008
Du, Q. | Zheng, J. | Xu, Y.
Anthocyanins in the fruits of mulberry (Morus alba L.) were extracted and separated by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) using a biphasic solvent system composed of methyl tert-butyl ether-n-butanol-acetonitrile-water-trifluoroacetic acid (1:3:1:5:0.001) to yield five anthocyanins: cyanidin 3-O-(6"-O-α--rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranoside) (C3RG), cyanidin 3-O-(6"-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-galactopyranoside) (C3RGa), cyanidin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (C3G), cyanidin 3-O-β-d-galactopyranoside (C3Ga) and cyanidin 7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (C7G), respectively. The five compounds were identified by ESI-MS and one/two-dimensional NMR spectra. The antioxidant activity of crude mulberry anthocyanins (CMA), C3G, C3Ga, C7G, C3RG and C3RGa was investigated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. The results showed that CMA, C3G, C3Ga, C3G and C7G have higher scavenging ability on DPPH. At the concentration of 0.10 mg/mL, the DPPH radical scavenging rates of C3G, C3Ga and C7G were about 88% of vitamin C, while C3RG and C3RGa were about 60% of it. CMA had the same DPPH radical scavenging rate as vitamin C or the five anthocyanin monomers when the concentration reached 0.40 mg/mL, which shows that CMA is an excellent antioxidant agent.
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