Safening grain sorghum injury from metsulfuron with growth regulator herbicides
2004
Brown, David W. | Al-Khatib, Kassim | Regehr, David L. | Stahlman, Phillip W. | Loughin, Thomas M.
Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safening of metsulfuron applied with dicamba, 2,4-D, clopyralid, and fluroxypyr with and without nonionic surfactant. Greenhouse data showed that 2,4-D and dicamba, but not fluroxypyr, safened grain sorghum from metsulfuron injury. In the field study, grain sorghum injury from metsulfuron was decreased when tank mixed with 2,4-D or dicamba but not when tank mixed with clopyralid or fluroxypyr. Tank mixes of 2,4-D or dicamba with metsulfuron did not reduce ivyleaf morningglory or velvetleaf control. At 4 wk after treatment (WAT), ivyleaf morningglory was controlled 95, 84, 59, and 91%%, and velvetleaf was controlled 88, 82, 78, and 95%% when metsulfuron was tank mixed with 2,4-D, dicamba, clopyralid, and fluroxypyr, respectively. In a separate field study, differential grain sorghum hybrid responses to a tank mix of metsulfuron ++ 2,4-D was examined. In general, a tank mix of metsulfuron and 2,4-D caused visible injury to all hybrids at 1 and 2 WAT, but grain sorghum recovered and most hybrids appeared normal at the end of the growing season. Differential hybrid responses to metsulfuron ++ 2,4-D were observed at 1 and 2 WAT in 2000 and 4 WAT in 2001. The most susceptible hybrid was ‘‘Mycogen 1506’’, and the least susceptible hybrids were ‘‘NK KS-310’’ and ‘‘Pioneer 87G57’’. This study demonstrates the potential for 2,4-D or dicamba to safen metsulfuron injury of sorghum without compromising weed control.Nomenclature: Clopyralid; 2,4-D; dicamba; fluroxypyr; metsulfuron; grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench; ivyleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. IPOHE; velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medicus ABUTH.
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