Use of a multiphysics model to investigate the performance and degradation of lithium-ion battery packs with different electrical configurations
2023
Kim, Hong-Keun | Lee, Kyu-Jin
An inconsistency within lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in a battery pack can lead to reduced power as well as short cycle life. The cell-to-cell connection structure and thermal management in the battery pack affect the internal physics of each battery, resulting in different responses. This paper outlines modeling approaches to estimate the performance and life of battery packs in various situations using a full physics-based LIB pack model that covers all length scales of particles, electrodes, cells, and packs. With this model, two types of LIB packs with 4 parallel and 8 serial connections (4P8S) were investigated, and two connection structures were compared: the serial cells and parallel banks (SCPB) and the parallel cells and serial banks (PCSB) structure. The results showed that after 2000 cycles, the two LIB packs exhibited a similar distribution of cell degradation, but the SCPB pack produced slightly larger power energy than the PCSB pack. When one cell was defective, the two battery packs showed completely different behaviors. In the PCSB pack, current balancing suppressed the influence of the defective cell, resulting in better performance than the SCPB pack. These findings provide insight for the design of LIB packs with robust performance under various conditions.
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