Inhibition of aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus with pentachlorobenzyl alcohol, phthalide, and pyroquilon
1995
Wheeler, M.H. | Bhatnagar, D.
Two isolates of Aspergillus flavus were grown in shake cultures for 4 days at 30 degrees C with 0 to 8 microgram/milliliter of 2,3,4,5.6-pentachlorobenzyl alcohol (PCBA) or phthalide and 0 to 30 microgram/milliliter of pyroquilon. The three compounds significantly inhibited the accumulation of aflatoxins B1, B2, and B2a in cultures of both isolates. The effect of BAPC was most pronounced, followed by phthalide and then pyroquilon. With isolate SRRC-2089. the control contained 365 plus or minus 45 ug of aflatoxin B1 per gram mycelial dry weight, while in cultures treated with 8 microgram/milliliter PCBA, phthalide or pyroquilon, aflatoxin B, levels decreased by 98. 86. and 48%. respectively. At the 8 ug/milliliter level, phthalide and pyroquilon did not significantly inhibit fungal growth with SRRC-2089. but PCBA caused a decrease of 12% in mycelial dry weight. Precursor feeding studies with [14C]norsolorinic acid demonstrated that the enzymes convening norsolonnic acid and later precursors to aflatoxins were not inhibited by these compounds. Thus. inhibition of aflatoxin synthesis by PCBA, phthalide, and pyroquilon seems to be earlier in the biosynthetic pathway before the synthesis of norsolorinic acid.
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