Impact of Drying on Meso- and Nanoscale Structures of Citrus Fiber: A Study by SFG, ATR-IR, XRD, and DLS
2020
Makarem, Mohamadamin | Kim, Hyojung | Emami, Parinaz | Melendez, Jesus | Steinbach, Adam | Lipkie, Tristan | Deleris, Isabelle | Desmet, Christina | Wallecan, Jöel | Kim, Seong H.
Citrus fibers are a sidestream of the pectin extraction process from citrus peel. This sidestream can be converted into a functional ingredient through a shear-induced homogenization process. One technical challenge with this material is that dehydration and subsequent rehydration result in reduction of viscosity compared to the original product. In this study, various drying methods were compared with never-dried fibers to investigate the structural changes underlying the viscosity loss. Infrared and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed no changes in chemical composition and crystalline structure of citrus fibers. The dynamic light scattering and sum frequency generation analyses of citrus fiber suspension showed that the rehydration process could not fully disperse aggregated fibers, which appears to be the main cause for the viscosity loss.
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