Acaricidal effects of herb extracts on the mushroom mites, Luciaphorus perniciosus Rack and Formicomotes heteromorphus Magowski
2008
Crude methanol, dichloromethane and hexane extracts obtained from the flowers of clove, Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, bark of cinnamon, Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet, rhizome of sweet flag, Acorus calamus L. and seed of black piper, Piper nigrum L., were tested against the mushroom mites Luciaphorus perniciosus Rack and Formicomotes heteromorphus Magowski. A contact method with a completely randomize design was employed. Clove and cinnamon extracts of 125 µg/cm² caused 88.7–100% mortality of both mites. Dichloromethane extracts of clove and cinnamon showed the highest toxicity against L. perniciosus and F. heteromorphus with LD₅₀ values of 34.97 and 20.44 µg/cm², respectively. Methanol extracts of sweet flag and black pepper (125 µg/cm²) caused 70–79% L. perniciosus and F. heteromorphus mortalities. Hexane and dichloromethane sweet flag extracts were more toxic to L. perniciosus than the methanol extract of the same plant. Dichloromethane and hexane black pepper crude extracts and methanol extract of sweet flag caused less than 50% L. perniciosus mortality.
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