Chemistry of glandular trichomes in Hymenoxys and related genera
1994
Spring, O. | Zitterell-Haid, B. | Bierner, M.W. | Mabry, T.J.
All currently recognized taxa from the genera Amblyolepis (one species), Dugaldia (three species), Hymenoxys (22 taxa in 21 species), Macdougalia (one species), Plateilema one species), Plummera two species) and Tetraneuris (15 taxa in eight species) were examined for chemical constituents accumulated in capitate glandular trichomes. Fifty-nine high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) peaks were detected, over 70% of which could be tentatively assigned to known compounds of the sesquiterpene lactone, monoterpene and inositol types. This is the first report of sesquiterpene lactone glycosides, monoterpene glycosides and a myoinositol derivative in capitate glandular trichomes. Apart from Amblyolepis and Plateilema, which did not afford analyzable glandular trichomes, sesquiterpene lactones of the pseudoguaianolide type were present in all species, and guaianolides were found in all but two, Hymenoxys anthemoides and H. chrysanthemoides. Compound patterns of the Hymenoxys, Plummera, Dugaldia and Macdougalia species were very similar to one another, but they differed from those of Hymenoxys texana and all taxa of Tetraneuris, which lacked modified pseudoguaianolides (secohelenanolides), but contained monoterpene glycosides. Taxonomic implications of compound patterns in the species examined includes: 1) incorporation of Dugaldia, Plummera and Macdougalia into a broader concept of Hymenoxys; and (2) recognition of Tetraneuris as a distinct genus. Hymenoxys texana requires further investigation since its morphology is typical of Hymenoxys, but its chemistry is typical of Tetraneuris.
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