Soil property predictors of soybean yield using yield contest sites
2017
Adams, Taylor C. | Brye, Kristofor R. | Purcell, Larry C. | Ross, Jeremy | Gbur, Edward E. | Savin, Mary C.
State yield contests offer a unique opportunity to examine the high end of crop productivity. Yield-contest-entered and average-yielding areas on the same or a similar soil can provide large yield and soil property variations to better examine the relationships among various near-surface soil properties and soybean (Glycine max L. [Merr.]) yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships among a suite of near-surface soil properties and soybean yield across average- and high-yield areas using state yield-contest sites. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to evaluate best-fit relationships among various soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and yield separately for average- and high-yielding areas and for data combined across yield areas. Soybean yield variation was most explained for the high-yield-area dataset (R² = 73%) and less explained for the average-yield-area (R² = 51%) and the combined (R² = 50%) datasets. Extractable soil Ca and S explained the largest proportion of yield variation (37% and 31% of total sum of squares) in the high-yield setting and both were inversely related to yield. A better understanding of the soil environment may be a key component of more frequent attainment of the 6270 kg ha⁻¹ (100 bu acre⁻¹) soybean yield mark. Additional soil properties, beyond those evaluated in this study, may need to be included for a more complete understanding of the soil environment that is associated with high-yield soybean production.
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