Optimum dietary protein‐to‐energy ratio for juvenile whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, reared in a biofloc system
2018
Hamidoghli, Ali | Yun, Hyeonho | Shahkar, Erfan | Won, Seonghun | Hong, Jeongwhui | Bai, Sungchul C
An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the optimum dietary protein‐to‐energy (P/E) ratio in juvenile whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Six diets were formulated with two protein levels (30% and 35%) and three digestible energy levels (16, 17.5 and 19 kJ/g diet) at each protein level (₃₀P₁₆, ₃₀P₁₇.₅, ₃₀P₁₉, ₃₅P₁₆, ₃₅P₁₇.₅ and ₃₅P₁₉). Fifty shrimp averaging 0.97 ± 0.03g (Mean ± SD) were randomly distributed in biofloc tanks and fed one of the experimental diets. Weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) of shrimp fed the ₃₅P₁₇.₅ diet were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed ₃₀P₁₆, ₃₀P₁₇.₅ and ₃₀P₁₉ diets (p < .05). Results for non‐specific immune responses showed that diet ₃₅P₁₇.₅ caused higher lysozyme activity in shrimp comparing to lower protein diets. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of plasma were lower for shrimp fed on diets consisting of higher protein and energy levels than shrimp fed on the ₃₀P₁₉ diet. Analyses of digestive enzyme activities showed higher trypsin activities for shrimp fed on ₃₅P₁₇.₅ and ₃₅P₁₉ diets comparing to ₃₀P₁₆ and ₃₀P₁₇.₅ diets. Also, hepatopancreatic lipase activity of shrimp fed ₃₅P₁₆, ₃₅P₁₇.₅ and ₃₅P₁₉ diets were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed the other diets. In conclusion, based on the results for growth performance, biochemical parameters, immune responses, oxidative stress and enzyme activities, 35% protein and 17.5 kJ/g digestible energy (₃₅P₁₇.₅) could be considered as the optimum protein‐to‐energy ratio in the diet of juvenile whiteleg shrimp reared in a biofloc system.
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