Effect of Drying of Jujubes (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) on the Contents of Sugars, Organic Acids, α-Tocopherol, β-Carotene, and Phenolic Compounds
2012
Gao, Qing-Han | Wu, Chun-Sen | Wang, Min | Xu, Bian-Na | Du, Li-Juan
This study investigated the changes in sugars, organic acids, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, phenolic profiles, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant capacity of jujube fruits after four drying treatments (sun-, oven-, microwave- and freeze-drying). Sugar, organic acid, phenolic compounds, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene were qualitatived and quantitatived by high-performance liquid chromatography. The TPC and antioxidant activity of jujube samples were evaluated using the Folin–Ciocalteau method and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity, respectively. Freeze-drying resulted in jujubes with higher antioxidant activity and was also a good choice for the preparation of β-carotene from jujubes for the food industry. Microwave-dried jujubes had a higher content of protocatechuic acid, catechin, and epicatechin and maintained the same antioxidant capacity with the freeze-dried jujubes. The combination of microwave- and freeze-drying may be an efficient alternative with shorter processing time and, consequently, less impact on the nutritional value of the jujube.
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