Bacterial inoculation speeds zinc release from ground tire rubber used as Zn fertilizer for corn and sunflower in a calcareous soil
2012
Khoshgoftarmanesh, Amir Hossein | Behzadan, Hamid Zeinali | SanaeiOstovar, Azadeh | Chaney, Rufus L.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We tested the utility of some biological treatments to hasten degradation of waste tire rubber in soil and thus the release of zinc and sulfur for plant uptake. METHODS: Three rates of ground tire rubber (0, 150, and 300 mg kg⁻¹) were incorporated into a Zn-deficient calcareous soil. Before addition to the soil, ground rubber was given four microbial treatments including no inoculation, inoculation with Rhodococcus erythropolis, inoculation with R. erythropolis+Escherichia coli, and inoculation with R. erythropolis+E. coli+Acinobacter calcoaceticus. In the pot experiment, corn (Zea mays L. Hybrid Single Cross 500) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Record) plants were exposed to three rates of ground rubber (0, 150, and 300 mg kg⁻¹) or 3 mg zinc kg⁻¹ as ZnSO₄. Before addition to the soil, ground rubber and ZnSO₄ were inoculated or non-inoculated with R. erythropolis+E. coli+A. calcoaceticus. RESULTS: Ground rubber and microbial inoculation treatments reduced soil pH and the magnitude of this reduction increased over time. Ground rubber in combination with microbial inoculation increased DTPA-extractable soil Zn and Fe. The amount of DTPA-extractable Zn and Fe of rubber-amended soils increased over time so that the highest concentration of available Zn and Fe was found at week 10. Application of microbial inoculated ground tire rubber significantly increased shoot Zn concentration of each plant species. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial inoculation of ground rubber was effective in hastening increase in DTPA-extractable Zn in the studied calcareous soil and in enhancing Zn uptake by plants.
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