Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D in Thyroid Diseases
2020
Mele, Chiara | Caputo, Marina | Bisceglia, Alessandro | Samà, Maria Teresa | Zavattaro, Marco | Aimaretti, Gianluca | Pagano, Loredana | Prodam, Flavia | Marzullo, Paolo
Vitamin D is a secosteroid with a pleiotropic role in multiple physiological processes. Besides the well-known activity on bone homeostasis, recent studies suggested a peculiar role of vitamin D in different non-skeletal pathways, including a key role in the modulation of immune responses. Recent evidences demonstrated that vitamin D acts on innate and adaptative immunity and seems to exert an immunomodulating action on autoimmune diseases and cancers. Several studies demonstrated a relationship between vitamin D deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disorders, and thyroid cancer. This review aims to summarize the evidences on the immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D on thyroid diseases.
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