Performance of different varieties and hybrids of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) as mixed crop in arecanut garden of Assam, India
2016
Deka, K.K. | Bora, P. | Talukdar, J.
A field experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Kahikuchi, Guwahati during 2009 to 2016 for evaluation of the performance of black pepper varieties/hybrids grown as mixed crop in 16 years old block of arecanut garden (Variety-Kahikuchi Local). Varieties such as, Panniyur-2, Panniyur-4, Panniyur-5, Sreekara, Subhakara, Panchami, Pournami, PLD-2, Chumala, Karimunda and hybrids such as Panniyur-1 and Panniyur-3 were grown in three replications. Among the varieties/hybrids, Karimunda, Panniyur-5, Sreekara, Subhakara and Panchami produced higher number of laterals with more spread at six years age compared to the other varieties. Panniyur-5 recorded significantly higher number of spikes (210.3) followed by Karimunda (186.2); whereas the lowest was recorded in Panniyur-2 (62.8). The spike length was the highest in Panniyur-1 (16.4 cm), but was on par with Panniyur-1 and Subhakara. Sreekara recorded the lowest spike length of 10.2 cm. Three years mean dry berry yield indicated that, the yield was significantly higher with Panniyur-5 (1.25 kg/vine) followed by Panniyur-1(1.15 kg/vine) and Subhakara (1.12 kg/vine) which differed significantly over the other varieties. Variety PLD-2 recorded higher oleoresin content (13.84%) and was on par with Panchami and Pournami. Piperine content was the highest in Panniyur-2 (4.65%) followed by Panniyur-1 (4.26%). Due to the mixed cropping of black pepper in arecanut garden, an improvement in the arecanut yield was observed (2.21 kg chali/palm/year) during 2015–16 compared to the arecanut monocrop (1.96 kg chali/palm/year) during 2009–2010.
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