Fenton-biostimulation sequential treatment of a petroleum-contaminated soil amended with oil palm bagasse (Elaeis guineensis)
2021
Guzmán-López, O. | Cuevas-Díaz, M. del C. | Martínez Toledo, A. | Contreras-Morales, M. E. | Ruiz-Reyes, C. I. | Ortega Martínez, A. del C.
Oil activity has generated severe problems of soil contamination. Different techniques have been employed for the removal of pollutants, which are mainly used separately as treatments, but if combined, removal could be improved. The aim of this study was to remove total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from soil artificially contaminated with crude oil using Fenton oxidation followed by biostimulation with nutrients and oil palm bagasse (OPB) used as an amendment. Microcosm units of soil with hydrocarbons were treated with H₂O₂ and Fe citrate at 30% humidity and 25 °C. Samples were taken at 0, 10, and 30 days. Each unit was then adjusted to a C:N:P ratio of 100:10:1, which is considered optimal for remediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, and mixed with OPB at a ratio of 96:4, 30% humidity, and 25 °C. Samples were taken at 0, 10, 30, and 40 days. Physicochemical parameters, TPH, microbial population, and lipase and dehydrogenase activity were monitored. Slight TPH removal (20.3%), a decrease in enzymatic activities, and a reduction in bacterial population were observed with Fenton oxidation. In the case of the biostimulation-amendment treatment, TPH removal was of 55%, with an increase in enzymatic activities and microbial population.
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