Serum vitamin D deficiency and risk of hospitalization for heart failure: Prospective results from the Moli-sani study
2018
Costanzo, S. | De Curtis, A. | Di Castelnuovo, A. | Persichillo, M. | Bonaccio, M. | Pounis, G. | Cerletti, C. | Donati, M.B. | de Gaetano, G. | Iacoviello, L. | Iacoviello, Licia | Donati, Maria Benedetta | De Gaetano, Giovanni | Vermylen, J. | De Paula Carrasco, Ignacio | Giampaoli, Simona | Spagnuolo, Antonio | Assanelli, Deodato | Centritto, Vincenzo | Spagnuolo, Pasquale | Staniscia, Dante | Zito, Francesco | Bonanni, Americo | Cerletti, Chiara | De Curtis, Amalia | Di Castelnuovo, Augusto | Lorenzet, Roberto | Mascioli, Antonio | Olivieri, Marco | Rotilio, Domenico | Bonaccio, Marialaura | Costanzo, Simona | Gianfagna, Francesco | Giacci, Maurizio | Padulo, Antonella | Petraroia, Dario | Grippi, Claudio | Magnacca, Sara | Marracino, Federico | Spinelli, Maria | Silvestri, Christian | De Lucia, Francesca | Izzi, Benedetta | Vohnout, Branislav | Zito, Franco | Persichillo, Mariarosaria | Verna, Angelita | Di Lillo, Maura | Di Stefano, Irene | Pampuch, Agnieszka | Pannichella, Agostino | Vizzarri, Antonio Rinaldo | Arcari, Antonella | Barbato, Daniela | Bracone, Francesca | Di Giorgio, Carmine | Panebianco, Simona | Chiovitti, Antonello | Caccamo, Sergio | Caruso, Vanesa | Rago, Livia | Cugino, Daniela | Ferri, Alessandra | Castaldi, Concetta | Mignogna, Marcella | Guszcz, Tomasz | di Giuseppe, Romina | Barisciano, Paola | Buonaccorsi, Lorena | Centritto, Floriana | Cutrone, Antonella | Fanelli, Francesca | Santimone, Iolanda | Sciarretta, Anna | Sorella, Isabella | Plescia, Emanuela | Molinaro, Alessandra | Cavone, Christiana | Galuppo, Giovanna | D'Angelo, Dolores | Ramacciato, Rosanna
Evidence indicates that Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, although findings on risk of heart failure (HF) are controversial. We investigated the relationship between serum Vitamin D and the incidence of hospitalization for HF in a large prospective cohort of Italian adults.19,092 (49% men, age range 35–99 years) HF-free individuals from the Moli-sani study, with complete data on serum Vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin) levels and incident hospitalized HF, were analysed. The cohort was followed up for a median of 6.2 years. Baseline serum Vitamin D levels were categorized in deficient (<10 ng/mL), insufficient (10–29 ng/mL), and normal (≥30 ng/mL) Incident cases of hospitalization for HF were identified by linkage with the regional hospital discharge registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox-proportional hazard models. The prevalence of normal, insufficient or deficient levels of Vitamin D was 12.2%, 79.6% and 8.2%, respectively. During follow-up, 562 admissions to hospital for HF were identified. The incidence of HF was 1.6%, 2.9% and 5.3%, respectively in subjects with normal, insufficient and deficient levels of Vitamin D. After multivariable analysis, individuals with deficiency of Vitamin D had a higher risk of hospitalization for HF (HR: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.06–2.43) than those with normal levels. Further adjustment for subclinical inflammation did not substantially change the association between Vitamin D deficiency and HF.Deficiency of Vitamin D was associated, independently of known HF risk factors, with an increased risk of hospitalization for HF in an Italian adult population.
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