Concentration-dependent regimes in sorption and transport of a nonionic surfactant in sand-aqueous systems
1995
Adeel, Z. | Luthy, R.G.
Sorption and transport of a nonionic surfactant in sand/aqueous systems appear to be controlled by concentration-dependent phenomena, resulting in two different sorption and transport regimes. Experiments were conducted in batch and column systems to evaluate the sorption isotherm and kinetics of sorption of Triton X-100 (C8PE9.5) onto Lincoln fine sand. The transition from one equilibrium sorption regime to the other occurred at an approximate surface coverage of 150 square angstroms/molecule. An unusual two-step breakthrough curve was observed in column transport tests. An early surfactant breakthrough occurred at a fraction of the influent surfactant concentration; this was followed by a prolonged plateau in the effluent surfactant concentration. A transition from this plateau concentration to a second breakthrough segment was observed as surfactant surface coverage approached 180 square angstroms/molecule. A two-stage empirical kinetic model for surfactant transport provided a reasonable fit to the experimental data.
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