Zinc and cholesterol metabolism
1988
Samman, S. | Roberts, C.K.
Extract: In this article, the association between dietary Zn intake and altered cholesterol metabolism is reviewed. In rats, Zn deficiency results in a hypocholesterolaemia, a reduction in the activities of lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase. Apolipoproteins are also altered in that the relative concentrations of apo C and apo E in chylomicrons and apo C and apo AIV in HDL are reduced, while apo AI in HDL is increased. The similarities between Zn deficiency and poor growth on cholesterol metabolism suggest a non-specific role for Zn in the effect. Zn adequate diets have no effect while high amounts of Zn limit the uptake of Cu which in turn raises plasma cholesterol. In humans, plasma Zn concentrations have been associated with changes in plasma cholesterol. Dietary supplementation with low doses (less than or equal to 150 mg Zn/d) does not alter plasma cholesterol. However, doses greater than or equal to 160 mg Zn/d in males result in lower HDL cholesterol and raised LDL cholesterol, that is, an increased risk of developing heart disease. In females 150 mg Zn/d decrease LDL-cholesterol. However, the therapeutic use of Zn at these levels as well as self-prescribed Zn supplement use may have deleterious effects on Cu status.(author)
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