In vitro germination of seeds of Sicilian olive cultivars [Olea europaea L.]
2003
Germana, M.A. | Pensabene Bellavia, G. (Palermo Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Colture Arboree)
English. A study on the in vitro germination of olive seeds without the sclerified endocarp has been carried out in several Sicilian cultivars (Biancolilla, Cerasuola, Nocellara del Belice, Nocellara Etnea and Giarraffa). In the first year four experiments were carried out: seeds stored at 4 deg C for 1 week with teguments; seeds stored at 4 deg C for 1 week without teguments; seeds stored at 4 deg C for 1 year with teguments; seeds stored at 4 deg C for 1 year without teguments. In both years, the effect of two cultural media was also evaluated. The removal of teguments had a positive effect on seed germination, particularly in seeds collected from a week. Biancolilla was the cultivar with the highest percentages of germination in both years (54.6% in the first and 48.2% in the second one); Nocellara del Belice was characterized by the lowest percentages of germination in both years (36.5% in the first and 25.7% in the second one). In the second year, differences between in vitro germination of stoneless seeds obtained from unripe and ripe fruits of the five Sicilian cultivars were observed. The presence or the removal of teguments was also evaluated. The highest percentage of germination was observed in seeds without teguments obtained from unripe fruits (57.2%). No substantial differences were observed in the comparison between the two basal media OM and WP
Show more [+] Less [-]Italian. E' stato condotto uno studio sulla germinazione in vitro di semi di olivo privi di endocarpo. La ricerca ha interessato alcune cultivar siciliane (Biancolilla, Cerasuola, Nocellara del Belice, Nocellara Etnea e Giarraffa) ed e' stato valutato, oltre al mezzo colturale, il comportamento di semi di diverse eta' (1 settimana o 1 anno di frigoconservazione) e provenienti da drupe immature (verdi) e mature (invaiate). Inoltre, e' stata effettuata una prova sull'influenza del tegumento sul processo germinativo. Il lavoro svolto ha consentito di mettere in evidenza alcune differenze nel comportamento in vitro dei semi delle diverse cultivar saggiate. E' stato, inoltre, verificato come la germinazione in vitro dei semi di olivo puo' utilmente essere effettuata senza bisogno di aspettare il tempo della stratificazione, come usualmente avviene in vivo. Cio' puo' risultare particolarmente utile nei lavori di miglioramento genetico, per accorciare i tempi di ottenimento dei prodotti di incrocio
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