Comparative anatomy and phylogeny of the family Mullidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)
2002
"Kim, B.J. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan))."
"The skeletal and muscular systems of the family Mullidae were described in detail, and monophyly of the family and phyiogenetic relationships among mullid genera were analyzed based on the cladistic methodology. The family Mullidae is a monophyletic group supported by 26 synapomorphies. Thirteen synapomorphic characters, including myological and osteological differentiations of the hyoid arch, were unique to the family Mullidae. A comparison of 41 transformation series among 41 mullid species produced seven most parsimonious cladograms. One of them was accepted as a cladistic hypothesis showing the phylogenetic relationships within the family based on the reconstruction of character evolution of preorbital scales. The family Mullidae comprises six clades, each corresponding to a currently recognized genus. Upeneus is supported by five apomorphies, Mullus by six apomorphies, Upeneichthys by two apomorphies, Mulloidichthys by five apomorphies, Psettdupeneus by one apomorphy, and Parupeneus by two apomorphies. Although sister groups of the family Mullidae could not be determined, two characters were considered as most probable indicators suggesting haemuloid or sparoid fish as a sister group. "
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