[Some morphological effects of domestication in tomate (Physalis philadelphica)]

English. With 12 populations at different stages of domestication were sown, either as a monoculture or in association with corn. Forty one morphological traits were considered. The analysis of variance indicated that the flowers and fruits traits were modified by the monoculture or associated with corn, and all factors exhibited great variability when populations were compared among each other. Multivariate analysis shows that the domestication process has affected several traits: (a) increased fruit size and weigth but reduced the number of fruits per plant, the flesh is greener and has more air spaces, the calix is smaller; (b) increased flower size; (c) lower number of nodes to the first branching thicker and greener stems, smaller size and number of the teeths on the leaf margins, less branching, glabrous, more precocious; (d) larger leaf size, increased hight and yields. All populations were influenced by cultural habitat (monoculture or associated with corn).

Spanish; Castilian. Durante el ciclo de siembra primavera-verano de 1987 se establecio un experimento con 12 poblaciones de tomate con diferente grado de domesticacion, en siembra sola y asociada con maiz, a las que se evaluaron 41 variables morfologicas. Los resultados mostraron que las caracteristicas de la flor y del fruto modificaron su expresion fenotipica al cultivarse solo o asociado. En general, los caracteres evaluados mostraron gran variabilidad entre poblaciones. El analisis multivariable evidencio que durante la domesticacion se han producido modificaciones: (a) frutos mas grandes y pesados, en menor numero por planta, mas fofos, pulpa mas verde y con caliz mas pequeno que el fruto; (b) mayor tamano floral; (c) plantas con menor numero de nudos a la primera bifurcacion, tallo verde, menor tamano y menor numero de dientes por hoja, menor numero de ramificaciones, y mas precoces lampinas; (d) mayor tamano foliar, grosor del tallo, altura de la planta y peso de los frutos por planta. El metodo de siembra afecto a todas las poblaciones, independientemente de su grado de domesticacion.