[Mycorrhizal arbuscular colonization, phosphatase activity and root length as response to the phosphorus stress in wheat and triticale cultivated in an andisol] | Colonizacion micorrizica arbuscular, actividad fosfatasica y longitud radical como respuesta a estres de fosforo en trigo y triticale cultivados en un andisol
1998
Portilla Cruz, Issa | Molina Gayosso, Eduardo | Cruz Flores, Gerardo | Ortiz Monasterio, J. Ivan | Manske Gunter, G.B.
English. Low availability of phosphorous (P) in Andisols is a limitation for the production of crops. The goal of this research was to evaluate the level of the phosphatase activity and endomycorrhizal colonization in the absorption of phosphorous in wheat and triticale in Andisols. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the International Center Wheat and Maize Improvement (CIMMYT, Int.), with an Andisol from Patzcuaro, Michoacan. Four triticale and four wheat genotypes were evaluated under the two treatments of soil: normal and sterile and the levels of 0, 40, and 80 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5, with 150 kg hasup-1 de N. It was harvested at anthesis and fresh and dry weight and phosphorus concentration in ear biomass were evaluated; the phosphatase activity, percent of endomycorrhizal colonization and root length were analyzed with the roots. Phosphatase activity (PA) in roots was significantly higher in the sterile soil compared to the natural. The PA at 40 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5 reached its maximum value without changing when increasing the P doses. There was no significant difference on this trait between species. There was an interaction between P applied and species, a greater phosphatase activity was observed in wheat at 0 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5 while the PA was greater in triticale at 40 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5. Endomycorrhizal colonization percent (ECP) was significantly greater with normal soil (24%), compared to the sterile soil (18 %). The colonization percent reached its maximum (22.4%) at 40 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5 without a significant change when increasing P application. The infection percentage was significantly less in wheat. The root length (LR) was significantly higher in normal soil (103.92 cm) compared to the sterile (84.30 cm). The LR augmented significantly on increasing the amount of P and there was no difference on this trait between genotypes. The root length infected increased at 40 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5 without changing when augmenting the P doses. The root length infected was significantly bigger in triticale. The root length colonization percentage has an important effect on the absorption of P, because the maximum accumulation of this element was at 40 and 80 kg hasup-1 of Psub2 Osub5 with triticale. The latter had a bigger percentage of colonization with the same levels of P, with both conditions of soil, besides the correlation (r=0.75) between colonized root length and concentration of P in biomass
Show more [+] Less [-]Spanish; Castilian. La baja disponibilidad de fosforo (P) en Andisoles es limitativa para la produccion de cultivos. Evaluar el efecto de actividad fosfatasica y colonizacion micorrizica arbuscular sobre la absorcion de fosforo en trigo y triticale, fue el objetivo de este trabajo. Se realizo un experimento en invernadero con un Andisol de Patzcuaro, Michoacan. Se evaluaron cuatro genotipos de cada especie, bajo dos tratamientos de suelo: normal y esteril. Ademas se aplicaron tres dosis de fosforo (0, 40 y 80 kg hasup-1 de Psub2 Osub5), asi como la aplicacion constante de 150 kg hasup-1 de N. Se cosecho en antesis, se evaluo el peso fresco, peso seco, la concentracion de P en biomasa aerea. En raices se analizo la actividad fosfatasica (AF), porcentaje de colonizacion micorrizica arbuscular y longitud radical. La actividad fosfatasica en raices fue significativa-mente mayor en suelo esteril respecto al natural, a 40 kg hasup-1 de Psub2 Osub5, alcanzo su maximo valor sin mostrar cambio al aumentar la dosis de P. No hay diferencia significativa de AF entre especies, e influye en ella la interaccion entre especie y P aplicado. Se observo mayor AF en trigo sin aplicacion de P (0 kg hasup-1 de Psub2 Osub5) mientras que AF fue mayor en triticales a 40 kg hasup-1 de Psub2 Osub5. Porcentaje de colonizacion micorrizica (PCM) fue significativa-mente mayor en suelo normal (24%), comparado con el esteril (18%). Respecto a especie, PCM fue menor en trigo. La longitud radical (LR) fue mayor en suelo natural (103.92 cm) al compararse con el esterilizado (84.30cm). La LR aumento significativamente con aplicacion de P y no existieron diferencias entre especies. La longitud radical colonizada (LRC) incremento a 40 kg hasup-1 de Psub2 Osub5, y no hay variacion al aumentar la dosis de P. La LRC fue mayor en triticale. El porcentaje de colonizacion radical influye en la absorcion de P, pues la maxima acumulacion de este elemento fue a 40 y 80 kg hasup-1 de Psub2 Osub5 en triticale. Estos tuvieron mayor PCM en las mismas dosis de P y en las dos condiciones de suelo, lo que se confirma con el valor de correlacion (r=0.75) entre longitud radical infectada y concentracion de P en la biomasa
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