A methodological review of net benefit evaluation for marine reserves
Hoagland, Porter | Yoshiaki Kaoru | Broadus, James M.
This paper surveys the literature on marine reserve designations and management systems and characterizes the state-of-the-art in net benefit evaluation methodologies with an eye toward how these methods might usefully be applied to improve decsionmaking for marine reserves. The authors find that progress is required in accounting for the full range of economic benefits and costs associated with marine reserves and in understanding how investments in them are likely to lead to the greatest net benefits over time. To contribute toward that end, the authors' survey and review of net benefits evaluation methodologies focus on 1) sources of benefits and costs including financial accounting and market-observable measures of benefits and costs, nonmarket values including indirect (travel cost) and direct measures, and valuation of biological diversity; 2) benefits transfer (e.g., how one transfers the lessons and results from one setting to another); 3) pricing and access (e.g., revenue generation, fee structure, price discrimination); and 4) design issues (e.g., sizing effects and carrying capacity) and distribution considerations.
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