Mitigating Climate Change through Restoration and Management of Coastal Wetlands and Near-shore Marine Ecosystems : Challenges and Opportunities

afforestation agricultural land agriculture air air pollution ammonia anaerobic conditions atmosphere bacteria biodiversity biological diversity biomass birds carbon cycle carbon dioxide carbon sequestration carbon sinks case studies climate climate change climate change mitigation co co2 coastal areas coasts commercial fisheries conservation coral reefs cropland data collection denitrification drainage dredging ecological restoration ecosystems emission emission reduction erosion estuaries eutrophication fish fisheries flood control flooding food production forest degradation forest management forest sector forestry forests freshwater grasslands greenhouse gas emissions greenhouse gases habitats heavy metals housing hydrology iron land subsidence land use land use change mangrove forests mangroves meadows methane mitigation native species nitrate nitrification nitrite nitrogen nitrous oxide non-native species nutrient cycling nutrients oceans oil palm organic carbon organic matter organic soils oxidation oxygen peat peat soils plantations pollutants preservation quantitative analysis reservoirs restoration runoff salinity sea water seagrasses sediment species sulphuric acid suspended sediments swamps tidal flats tidal marshes unep vegetation water table wetland restoration wetland soils wildlife wind