Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking

World Bank

Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking

2013

World Bank

Indonesia's household cooking fuels have undergone a dramatic shift in recent years, owing primarily to the government's highly successful Kerosene-to- Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Conversion Program; yet the impact in poorer rural areas has been limited. Switching to LPG, electricity, and other modern fuels would be the most effective way to achieve clean cooking solutions, but these fuels are expensive, requiring costly stoves and delivery infrastructure that are beyond reach for most rural households. By contrast, many types of biomass can be freely collected from the local environment or purchased for significantly less than other fuels. Thus, large-scale fuel switching in rural areas is unlikely to occur until rural economies become substantially more developed. This means that an estimated 40 percent of households will continue to rely on traditional biomass energy, especially fuel wood, to meet their daily cooking needs for years to come. This report is structured according to the directional organization of the study. Chapter two presents an overview of household cooking fuels in Indonesia, including policy changes and other factors that influence fuel choices. Chapter three examines an array of stove supply side issues, including market and production capacity, popular stove models, limitations of business models, key features of the supply chain, and attitudes toward new stoves. Chapter four identifies gaps in policies and institutional strengthening that future intervention programs will need to fill and reviews lessons from successful programs promoting clean cooking solutions that can be applied to those focused on clean biomass cooking. Finally, chapter five presents the recommended implementation strategy, including an innovative financing approach, and the next steps in helping Indonesia move toward universal access to clean cooking solutions by 2030.

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AGROVOC Keywords

air pollution alternative energy availability bioenergy biogas biomass biomass fuels cement charcoal combustion cooking economic development electricity energy conservation energy consumption energy demand energy sources energy use fuels fuelwood heat heating household income kerosene lpg market research marketing mineral resources natural gas petroleum pollutants pollution production costs purchasing renewable energy retail retail prices rural areas sales solid fuels supply chains vehicles winds wood

Bibliographic information

Publisher

Washington, DC

Other Subjects

Generation; Petroleum gas; Emissions reduction; Efficient use of biomass; Price margins; Household fuel; Efficient stoves; Price fluctuations; Production processes; Alternative energy program; Traditional biomass; Labor costs; Energy industry; Suppliers; Commercial market; Fuel supply; Wood stoves; Traditional stove; Fuel switching; Sustainable energy; Household appliances; Retail price; Fuel sources; Conceptual framework; Use of biomass energy; Clean fuels; Sale; Diversified energy; Supplier; Biomass use; Liquefied petroleum gas; Turnover; Fuel type; Animal dung; Energy services; Household energy; Environmental; Fuel efficiency; Empirical evidence; Fuel mix; Primary energy source; Fuel cost; Approach; Inventory; Wholesaler; Fuel prices; Fuel; Rural households; Environmental concerns; Air pollution resulting; Alternative energy sources; Production patterns; Smoke; Retailing; Kerosene use; Biomass energy use; Feedstock; Modern fuels; Substitute; Rural energy; Substitution; End-user; Kerosene subsidies; Biomass residue; Price margin; Primary energy; Market supply; Sustainable market; Cooking fuels; Energy source; Fuel use; Target market; Retail distribution network; Urban households; Alternative fuels; Burning stove; Price cap; Renewable resource; Certain extent; Average price; Market development; Energy utilization; Emissions; Household environment; Producers; Solid fuel; Distribution network; Oil; Biogas systems; Biomass stoves; Market potential; Wholesalers; Daily cooking; Agricultural residues; Biomass stove; Price subsidy; Access to modern energy; Household sector; Efficient use of biomass fuel; Substitute fuel; Supply chain

Language

English

Format

application/pdf, text/plain

License

CC BY 3.0 IGO, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/, World Bank

In AGRIS since: 2024-10-18

Modification date: 2025-05-23

Format: Dublin Core

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