Bacterial wilt of forage grasses: actual situation
1995
Schmidt, D. (Station federale de recherches agronomiques de Changins, Nyon (Switzerland))
In the sixties and seventies Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis caused considerable loss amongst rye-grass (Lolium spp.) and fescues (Festuca spp.) in Switzerland, not only in the breeding material of the agricultural research stations but also in agricultural production. The situation has now much improved thanks to increased resistance of the new cultivars. Infection pressure also seems to have decreased, at least in Western Switzerland. Most European countries are now aware of the importance of this disease and more and more breeders use artificial inoculations to select for resistance to bacterial wilt. The host range of X. c. pv. poae has to be reviewed: besides Poa trivialis and minor Poa spp., a few cultivars of P. pratensis were susceptible under artificial inoculation. All Swiss ecotypes tested proved to be highly resistant. One cultivar of Bromus catharticus turned out to be susceptible to both X. c. pv. poae and X. bromi. A study on the host range of Xanthomonas spp. from brome-grasses is currently being conducted by the Swiss Federal Agricultural Research Station of Changins in co-operation with two French Stations of INRA
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